Analyse the policies of the Japanese towards Essay

Analyse the policies of the japanese to state of contendds the civilians in East and S startheast Asia among 1937 and 1945, including their implementation and impacts. Evaluate two sources in your answer. Identify components and the relationship among them draw out and relate implications Hashimoto once said Japans national structure is the highest principle of mankind. all told the countries must form an natural unity, with Japan as brains, growing and developing as a aliment being under the supreme guidance of His Excellency the Emperor This adduce best summarises the policy of the Nipponese during this period of time. Nipponese expansionist policies and how they were utilize and impacted upon civilians go forth be further explained throughout the essay. The two sources that impart be evaluated be Higher than Heaven by Rick Tanaka and Tony drum and Group Psychology of the Nipponese in War Time, by Iritani. The authorised Japanese policy was to ensure self preservatio n and self refutation of the Empire and to bring into being a new world order. This was outlined in the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere which aimed to create an Asian society with Japan being the leader.They wished to see the countries revolt against their colonial powers and hoped to fill the void left over by the colonial power. However, when this did non happen the Japanese multitude leaders decided to impose their ideology by force. Japanese domination would whole be possible if the other nations embraced and eventu all in ally assimilated into Japanese culture. Hence, most of Japanese policy was directed towards the assimilation of cultures.Official policies outlined in the The Japanese blueprint for South East Asia, instructions of the Japanese military create in August 1942, include guiding the civilians so that they accept the empires policies. If civilians were not accepting the policies then political and economic pressures were to be applied to the confuse d governments to ensure the execution of Japanese policies under strict supervision, as was through with(p) in china. Cultural assimilation was to be ensured through control over customs, religions and education.A broad aim with these was to create an atmosphere respectful of press and to spread the Japanese culture through the empire. Eventually symbols of significance and geographical sites were to assume Japanese names (as was done by Manchuria being changed into Manchunko), a true symbol of Japanese imperialism. However, Japan lacked in raw materials so some of their policies were aimed at getting resources such as oil so that they could continue the war. Policies were aimed at rapidly securing resources of the southern areas so that the war effectiveness of the empire would be strengthened.This caused some adverse policies towards civilians. Although the official line for the discourse of civilians was to be neither too lenient nor too raspy, which was support by a docu ment cal guide Read this and the war is already win which outlined that Japanese soldiers were to be humane to civilians as they were competitiveness the war to liberate the Asian people from colonial rule, a document called Lessons for the field explained the treatment of civilians that occurred during the period of 1937-1945.Westerners are attacked for forgoing and it warns that death is preferable to surrender, it outlines that civilians who surrender are to be treated as below human as completely lowly creatures surrender. It also calls for the Japanese soldiers to be single minded in achieving their aims. Japan had ratified the Hague Treaty but did not comply with it, kinda they followed government instructions outlined in Lessons for the Battlefield. The implementation and impacts of Japanese policies caused tsunamis of shock to flow all around the world, American media reports of the atrocities caused anti-Japanese feelings to develop all over the world.In China policie s were implemented with the policy of kill all, curve all, destroy all to gain control. This was particularly true in Nanking as outlined by The rape of Nanking. Here buildings were burnt, women were raped and innocent citizens were off in various gruesome ways including ripping the stomachs, digging out the heart, boiling people and beheading victims. Iritani believes that this occurred due to the incredibly harsh fighting conditions in China which elevated the abnormal psychological state of the soldiers. another(prenominal) historians believe that it was done in order to gain control and create a puppet regime in Nanking where Japanese assimilation could begin. In Nanking alone the impact of this policy caused the deaths of approximately 300,000 people in right six weeks. Women were captured and sent to comfort stations to act as perk up slaves although geisha houses were banned in Japan. As the war in China became longer and supply lines became inefficient Japanese soldier s began to confiscate crops and other uncouth goods, which led to food shortages and ultimately a failing of the economy.Manchunko, formerly Manchuria, became the snapper of Japanese military and economic power, however the ultimate failure of Japanese economic policies caused the downfall of the Manchurian economy by 1945. The implementation of policies in Korea was the epitome of the attempt at Japanese civilisation. The Japanese language was to be used in schools and all were required to attend Shinto function although the population was mostly Buddhist. Forced travail was implemented to help chance on the aims of the Japanese, usually worked in factories making ammunition for the Japanese.Forced conscription was implement and Koreans filled the lowest positions of the Japanese army to show their patriotism. Here too, women were coerce to become comfort women. Nationalist movements were suppressed to ensure Japanese control. The impacts on Korea, apart from the large amou nts of deaths that occurred to civilians that opposed the regime was the ultimate division of Korea on the 38th parallel. The USA and USSR government divided Korea for the purpose of accepting the surrender of Japanese troops.It was the harsh Japanese policies and their implementation that caused opposition forces to rise, including the rising of the commie anti-Japanese guerrillas in Dongbei. The conflict between North and South Korea still continues today, screening the lasting impact of the implementation of Japanese policies. The Japanese invasion of the Philippines in 1941 brought with it the implementation of Japanese policies including the three all policies brought widespread destruction to the Island, especially in Manilla where many civilians were killed.Although a co-operative government was established in 1943, the failure of Japanese economic policies caused such devastation to the Philippines that several one hundred million dollars were needed to recover the econom y at the end of the war. In French Indo-China rice paddies were converted to jute for the war effort and forced labour was imposed. In Burma workers were forced to work on the Burma-Thailand railway, conditions were so harsh that 90,000 workers were killed. These harsh conditions caused the formation of the Anti-Fascist Peoples Freedom League which resisted the weak Japanese installed government.In Malaya and Singapore all Chinese civilians were arrested immediately as they were pretend of supporting Chiang Kai-shek, implementation of the Japanese policy of total control. The Japanese see the importance of Singapore as a military base and maintained strict control of it by the Japanese military and secret policy. Malay workers were also forced to work on the Burma-Thai railway. The worsening of working conditions and the super harsh requisitioning of men and materials caused the eventual rise of opposition including the group led by Lim Bo Seng.The Dutch East Indies was seen as a jewel by the Japanese as it contained oil, and hence the control of this was particularly important. Assimilation attempts include the forced study of the Japanese language and the forced singing of the Japanese national anthem to show patriotism. Impacts have included the death of up to four million people and Japanese training of young military men formed the nucleus of the post war independence army. Japanese policies also caused economic hardships.All countries occupied by Japan during the war had similar impacts such the mistreatment and subsequent death of civilians and adverse economic impacts. All nations also suffered a substantial psychological impacts from the years of harsh oppression, as described by Lai Yeo, who was a comfort woman to the Japanese. The impact of Japanese policies did not end with their rule, the emotional scars will be something I will have to bear forever Source Evaluation Wantanabe Shoichi claimed that the harsh treatment of Japanese did not occu r, the Nanking massacres were fictional A Japanese nationalistDoesnt match other sources Saburo Inega Campaigned against the censorship of Japanese textbooks that omitted out the atrocities Book pen to show the Japanese policies the nake realities of the pacific war More reliable Iritani third generation Japanese American Useful as provides both perspectives and reasons for acts of atrocities Delves into the caput Matches with other sources Lai Yeo article on the internet First hand envision of Japanese brutality Matches with other sources although it seems to be a bit hypertrophied Psychological state seems fragile, memories may be disrupted.